I made a pull request (https://github.com/CleverRaven/Cataclysm-DDA/pull/3935) for boards that support storage (think like a ambulance, firetruck, or utility truck with compartments built into the side of the vehicle).
As the comments bought up (and I had been thinking about before when balancing my proposed storage), all forms of cargo space are currently identical volume. This doesn’t make sense and reduces the potential strategy to selecting storage options. Currently seats, beds, trunks, floor trunks, boxes, RV kitchens, FOODCO Buddies, and Welding rigs all support 400 volume. Other than flavor, and minor durability differences seats, beds, boxes and trunks are the same. Floor trunks offer unencumbered passage at no cost, and the mounted tools offer no storage penalty (excepting the mounted forge).
Variation would more realistically reflect the actual storage and balance the usefulness of installed devices (eg: Kitchen and Welding rings) against storage capacity.
My proposed values:
[tt]
Seat 400 -> 200
Bed 400 -> 350
Trunk 400 -> 600 (50% increase to offset reduction in seats and other storage options and gives a reason to pick it over a floor trunk)
Floor Trunk 400 -> 400
Box 400 -> 350 (raise durability making this a better option for external mounting)
RV Kitchen 400 -> 200
Mounted Forge nil -> 200 (It would gain some storage to put it on par with the other mounted devices)
Welding Rig 400 -> 200
FOODCO Kitchen Buddy 400 -> 100 (It is immensely useful with just the dehydrator and purifier alone)
MiniFridge 400 -> 300 (This is in anticipation of it offering refrigeration in the future preserving food, maybe even freezing foods)
Aisle nil -> 50 (You should be able to drop a little in one w/o obstructing it, but not much)
Stow-Boards (new part in my PR, basically boards with built in racks/compartments) nil -> 300 (I intend to balance this at “half a trunk”)
[/tt]
Trunks would get a 50% boost in capacity, floor trunks would remain the same (so the mobility you gain now costs you storage space).
Mounted fixtures would be halved or less (200, 100 in the case of the Kitchen Buddy) to balance their immense usefulness (combined with a solar panel and a large battery you are saving thousands of batteries in the long term).
Boxes would hold less than trunks (this slightly nerfs a loot cart, but they would gain durability).
Aisles would gain a tiny bit of space: while they are not meant for storage, you should be able to drop a tire + jack on one, or a plastic jerry can.
Seats and beds lose space as they are intended to hold people, not stuff. Beds lose less as I imagine they are slightly raised platforms over what amounts to a floor trunk. Seats hold just what you can shove under then or right behind them.
My proposed stow/storage compartment boards shouldn’t have a ton of capacity, but they should be a decent option, 300 sounds fair (1/2 a trunk, 3/4 a floor trunk, and 50 less than a box). They are less durable than a standard board.
Most pre-made vehicles end up with about the same or less capacity overall. Trucks, which are intended to haul stuff are the notable exception. As for player built vehicles, I don’t think the increased capacity of trunks would be a particular balance issue.
While more complex and would involve adding another mechanic, I would think that you should be able to overload seats, beds, and aisles at the cost of losing some use of them. An overfilled bed or seat becomes unusable (you can’t sleep or drive from them) and an overfilled aisle or floor trunk becomes harder to pass though. I would propose only allowing 50 or 100 volume of over-capacity. Trunks, boxes, fixtures, and storage compartment boards would not permit overfilling.
Excepting the last part of an “overfill” mechanic, it would just be a simple patch to vehicle_parts.json