Right and that hit represents one creature successfully harming the other creature during those 6 seconds, assuming their effort is not thwarted by armor.
Barrels aren’t going to literally penetrate armor. But I doubt anyone would like to volunteer to put on a barbute helm and let me hit them in the head with a barrel. Almost every time, the barbute helm will save you from massive trauma. But you won’t say “the barrel didn’t penetrate so I remain unharmed .” Barbute helm doesn’t provide perfect coverage. And if I hit you above the shoulders (represented in game by “head”) I might just cause your head to move beyond a healthy range of motion, possibly even breaking your neck. If we are fighting one on one, I think this is astronomically unlikely, but if you’re flanked or mobbed as cata combatants often are, it seems to me that breaking your neck with the barrel becomes an entitling plausible possibility.
I think it would be useful to really explicate what bashing vs. Cutting vs. Piercing damage represent, and see if there might be a way to increase the realism of the way we handle damage and armor by reassessing damage value per damage type of weapons and protection value of armor.
For the record, I absolutely agree that the current system can and should be improved.