Sounds likely. It looks like you need write access to /usr/share/cataclysm-dda/data, or possibly /usr/share/cataclysm/data, I can’t be sure because I don’t know which AUR you’re using, a search turns up 4 of them. All the settings you mention are stored in the data directiory rather than the save directory, which is our bad, we should move them, maybe to a settings directory or something so they aren’t mixed in with hte data files like that.
What looks like the most popular, https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/cataclysm-git/, wants you to be a member of the game group to run it.