All jolly good ideas, and I like having the option to take live prisoners and treat them humanely.
On the other hand, it occurs to me that it might be possible to get willing NPCs for experiments. It might be kind of strange, and they may be difficult to find in large quantities, but “volunteer mutant” is a PC option for some of the scenarios. Thoughts about sources of willing test subjects/things that would make more people willing:
a) mutant-lovers who are excited about the idea of being mutants! (may be in short supply, especially for experimentation where they have limited control over what kind of mutant they’re going to be)
b) other scientists or science-enthusiasts interested in the value of mutagens to the future of humanity (or transhumanity, as the case may be), who may participate as researchers in some trials and subjects in others–the PC may be one of these (may be in short supply)
c) people who need resources, shelter, and protection, and who are willing to be experimented upon in exchange (likely an ample supply; exploitative, but depending upon your perspective may be less bad than alternatives)
d) capital criminals who accept experimentation in lieu of execution or exile (supply uncertain; exploitative, but depending upon your perspective may be less bad than alternatives)
e) purifier being a thing: it’s not perfect, but if you have an ample supply and administer it to your subjects when you’re done with a trial or when they develop a life-threatening mutation, it significantly reduces the risks and will probably increase the availability of willing test subjects. (Purifier might also be a good thing in the case of finding a scared and distraught mutant with bad/unpleasant mutations.)
The last one seems like an important resource gateway for ethical experimentation: in order for ethical experimentation to be possible/feasible, the player will first need the references, skill, and supplies for their faction to produce large quantities of purifier, as a safety protocol. It’s helpful that even in the cataclysm, the ingredients required for purifier aren’t especially scarce.