Different throwable grenades:
HE (impact) grenade : Does shock effect, ground zero is annihilated (huge point damage), squares around point zero get medium damage and beyond that some light damage/ shock effect. Can break walls/structures in squares around ground zero. HE grenades are really not that powerful against loose groups. You’d want to lob one of these to hulk or to create emergency exit, but they can be used against tight groups with decent efficiency too.
Shrapnel grenade : Does projectile effect and minor shock at ground zero. Best way to handle shrapnel is to shoot “bullets” at caliber about 9mm out of ground zero - 50 bullets would be about optimal. Just select random points 15m around ground zero and see if anything gets into bullets path and start hit chance of 20% in ground zero, 90% one square from ground zero to about 10% at outer edge, thats about realistic. Shrapnels are deadly to groups. Only downside is that if there are stuff around ground zero they are going to suck up majority of shrapnels thus protect anything that is behind them, so in totally packed group shrapnels would over-kill about 9 things in group and somewhat hurt next “layer” - but they would be much more efficient if thrown on small opening in the group or to loose group to allow shrapnels to spread more before starting to hit stuff so nearby things would not soak shrapnels. Has medium chance to destroy structures at ground zero, and some shock effect at range 1 - but beyond that only shrapnel effect is relevant… LIKE. Be in a trench crouched -> Shrapnel lands next to you -> BOOM -> you are shaken but OK VS Be in the open -> Shrapnel lands next to you -> BOOM -> You are so so so very fucked.
Thermite grenade : Thrown instant inferno on ground zero. Will destroy everything and anything on square after burning some time. 100% chance to destroy structures at ground zero. Starts instantly fires on any ignitable material around ground zero.
Phosporous grenade / incendary : Pyromaniacs choise. Explodes to 15 tracers that have 60% chance to ignite whatever they hit to. In all aspects should be like normal fire (except that phospor is almost impossible to extinquish, but that is probably unneccesary to feature).
The thing is, grenades are often mistood as “automatic AOE success”. They are not that. Impact HE grenades have really limited effective range and shrapnels are nothing more than flying wall of bullets, both can be devastating at times, but they can also be very inefficient at other times. I’d love to see this thing done properly at CDDA.