Theoretically, for 100% self-sufficiency and survival, you need: Insect pheromones, Metabolic interchange, either of the water extraction bionics and Integrated Toolset. The first one allows you to live in an anthill safely, the latter three ensure that the only resource you need is ant corpses, and you’ve got an infinite supply of them without ever going above ground. Admittedly it wouldn’t make for a very interesting game, and I’ve never gotten all of those in a single run yet.