Sadly, no, arrows can get dinged up when hitting or themselves being hit. (Ever try shooting arrows at a wall? If you fire 10-20 at a time, they’re gonna get much more smashed-up than if you fire five and retrieve 'em.)
Stuck-gear not preserving its damage status and defaulting to (no flag) is a bug, but I don’t think it’s worth the trouble to fix and memory use to keep track.